Podcast #4 Typography

1. Define typography? 
art of expressing ideas through the selection of typefaces

 2. Where did the word "typography" originate from?
form and writing.
 
3. What does typography involve? 
involves a selection of appropriate font, size, line spacing and spacing between letters.
 
4. What is a typeface?
 distinctive design of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design

5. What is another term for typeface? 
Fonts
 
6. What is a character?
 Individual symbols that make up a typeface
 
7. What is type style? 
Letters, numerals, and punctuation. Bold, italics
 
8. What does type style "create" within a design?
 design variety while maintaing the visual style of the typeface.
 
9. What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
 imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters.
 
10. What is a base line and what does it indicate?
 Imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the characters.
 
11. What is an ascender? 
 The part of the character that extends above the waist line.
 
12. What is a descender?
 The part of the character that extends below the waist line.
 
13. Describe a serif? 
The smaller line used to finish of a main stroke of a letter, usually the op and bottom of a character.
 
14. How can the size of the typeface be identified? 
Measure from top to bottom.
 
15. What is a point? 
The vertical measurement used to identify the size of a typeface. It measures from the top  of the ascender to the bottom of the descender.
 
16. How many points are in an inch?
 72 Points.
 
17. What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
6 picas in an inch.

18. How many points are in a pica?
12 points in a pica.

19. What is body type and where can it be found? 
Type sized that range from 4 pt through 12 pt. These sizes are found in places where there is a lot of text to be read.
 
20. What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
Readability.

21. What is display type and how is it used? 
Type sizes about 12 y. Typically are used to draw attention to a message [headlines, sub headlines, ect]
 
22. What is reverse type and when would it be used? 
Consists of a white type on a solid black or darker color background. If the text is too small, reverse type can be difficult on the readers eye. Display type is necessary.
 
23. What is a typeface classification? 
A basic system for classifying typefaces was devised in the 19th century when printers sought to identify a heritage for their own craft.
 
24. When was Black letter invented and how was it used?
Invented on the printing press in the mid 1400's. Used on official documents such as diplomas, formal invitations, etc

25. Describer the characteristics of a Black letter typeface? 
Resemble the calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes.
 
26. When was Old Style invented and what was is based on? 
It was based on ancient roman inscriptions
 
27. Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
 Wedge-shapes angled serifs and a low contrast of their think and thin strokes.
 
28. When were formal scripts developed? 
In the 17th and 18th century.
 
29. When were casual scripts developed?
 20th century.
 
30. Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
 Based on forms made with flexible brushed or pens and have varied strokes reminiscent of handwriting.
 
31. When was Modern typefaces developed and why? 
18th and 19th century's as a radical break from traditional typography of the time.
 
32. Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
 Have sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs.
 
33. How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened? 
as early as the 5th century.
 
34. When did they become popular?
 in the 1920's.
 
35. What does "sans serif" mean? 
without serif's
 
36. Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface? 
Strokes are uniform and in weight and have a monotone appearance.
 
37. When was Slab Serif developed and why?
 In the 19th century for advertising purposes.
 
38. Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface? 
Uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs.
 
39. Describe Decorative typefaces?
 They have a distinctive design style.
 
40. Why were they developed?
 with a specific purpose or theme in mind.

41. What are they best used for?
Larger points or display type.